欧亨利的女儿(欧亨利的女儿后来怎么样了)
最后一片叶子主要内容
《最后一片叶子》描写的是华盛顿贫民窟的两个年青的画家苏和琼西同她们的邻居贝尔曼之间发生的故事。
琼西在寒冷的十一月患上了严重的肺炎，并且其病情越来越重。
作为画家的她，将生命的希望寄托在窗外最后一片藤叶上，以为藤叶落下之时，就是她生命结束之时。
于是，她失去了活下去的勇气和信念。
作为她的朋友苏很伤心，便将琼西的想法告诉了老画家贝尔曼，这个老画家是个脾气火爆，爱取笑人、终日与酒为伴的人。
画了近四十年的画，一事无成，每天都说要创作出一篇惊世之作，却始终只是空谈。
但是他对这两位年青的画家却是照顾有佳。
他听到了此事后，便骂了一通，但仍无计可施。
然而令人惊奇的事发生了：尽管屋外的风刮得那样厉害，而锯齿形的叶子边缘已经枯萎发黄，但它仍然长在高高的藤枝上。
琼西看到最后一片叶子仍然挂在树上，叶子经过凛冽的寒风依然可以存留下来， 自己为什么不能？于是又重拾生的信念，顽强地活了下来。
可是故事并不是到此就结束了，真相才刚刚打开：原来是年过六旬的贝尔曼，在一个风雨交加的夜晚，为了画上最后一片藤叶，因着凉，染上了肺炎。
在他生命的最后时刻，他终于完成了令人震撼的杰作。
《最后一片叶子》语言特色欧·亨利作品，善于使用夸张、讽刺、拟人、对比、反语、双关语以及意想不到的比喻和毫不相干的联想等特殊的语言手段来描写人物，拓展情节，为小说中的人物形象服务，以烘托喜剧的悲剧气氛，渲染悲剧的喜剧情调，让读者在俏皮的描写中中领悟内在的严肃的思想；
在生动活泼的语言环境里启发人们的深思，给读者带来“含泪的微笑”，处处体现出作者智慧的光芒。
《最后一片藤叶》中有这样一段描写，“到了十一月，一个冷酷无情、肉眼看不见，医生管他叫做‘肺炎’的不速之客闯入了这一地区，用他冰冷的手指这儿碰碰那儿摸摸”。
作者运用了拟人格，形象地把肺炎比作一位残酷、不留情面的恶魔，残忍地夺去弱幼者的生命。
《最后一片叶子》的主要内容是什么?
故事梗概：贫穷的画家苏和复西的邻居贝尔门是一个画了一辈子画却还没名气的画家。
不久，复西得了严重的肺炎，而且病情越来越重。
她把生命的希望寄托在窗外最后一片藤叶上，以为藤叶落下之时，就是她生命结束之时。
然而令人惊奇的是，尽管屋外的风刮得那样厉害，而锯齿形的叶子边缘已经枯萎发黄，但它仍然长在高高的藤枝上。
奇迹出现了，复西没有死。
原来是一直默默无闻的老画家贝尔门，在一个风雨交加的夜晚，为了画上最后一片藤叶，身体本来就差的贝尔门着了凉，染上了肺炎。
在他生命的最后时刻，终于完成了他已等待二十五年的杰作。
扩展资料创作背景欧·亨利原名威廉·西德尼·波特，一生历尽艰辛坎坷。
1862年9月11日，生于美国北卡罗来纳州格林斯波罗镇一个医生家庭之中，母亲在他三岁的时候去世。
后来欧·亨利先后寄宿在祖母和姑妈家，在她们的监护下长大并接受教育。
由于生活所迫，15岁时到他叔叔的药店当学徒，五年后积劳成疾。
为了改善身体状况，也为了再寻找新的工作，他远离家乡，到西部德克萨斯州的一个牧场工作，两年的牧场生活，使他接触到一种粗犷豪放、清新自然、坦荡真纯与东部都市不一样的生活，也感受到了在开发西部过程中的各种人性和社会矛盾。
1884年以后，迫于生计，他不断变换工作，曾做过会计员、新闻记者、土地办事员、银行出纳员，然而，就在欧·亨利任银行出纳员期间，厄运降临，由于银行短缺了一笔现金，他被指控盗用了公款，为避免审讯，他愤然出走避难，到中南美洲流浪了几年。
1897年，得到妻子病危的消息，他冒险回到家里，后又得到听候传讯，被判五年监禁。
由于欧·亨利具有药剂师执照，他在监狱中被分配到医务室工作，工作之余就写些短篇小说，寄往在当时颇有影响的《麦克吕尔》杂志发表，挣点稿酬贴补女儿的生活费用。
当时他用笔名欧·亨利，“欧亨利”本是监狱中一本法国药典作者的名字。
三年后，由于波特在狱中的良好表现提前获释。
出狱后的欧·亨利，迁居纽约，专门从事写作。
在欧·亨利创作力最旺盛的时候，经济上的穷困潦倒加上自己酗酒，使得他的健康状况急剧恶化。
长期生活在社会下层的欧·亨利，过着颠沛流离、穷困潦倒的生活，接触过形形色色的人物，对种种人生及社会矛盾都有切身体会，这些都为他的短篇小说创作积累了丰富的创作素材。
参考资料来源：-最后一片叶子参考资料来源：-最后的常春藤叶。
欧·亨利《最后一片叶子》情节梗概
《最后一片叶子》,主人公是琼西、苏、贝尔门。
它描写患肺炎的穷学生琼西看着窗外对面墙上的常春藤叶子不断被风吹落，她说，最后一片叶子代表她，它的飘落，代表自己的死亡。
贝尔曼，一个伟大的画家，在听完苏讲述完同学琼西的故事后，在最后一片叶子飘落，下着暴雨的夜里，用心灵的画笔画出了一片“永不凋落”的长春藤叶，编造了一个善良且真实的谎言，而自己却从此患上肺炎，一病不起。
最后一片常春藤叶依然留在古老的墙面；
琼西也绽放出了往日的笑容；
伟大的画家贝尔曼永远留在人们的心中。
文中作者着力挖掘和赞美小人物的伟大人格和高尚品德，展示他们向往人性世界的美好愿望。
最后一片叶子”的故事，让我们着实为琼西的命运紧张了一番，为苏的友谊感叹了一回，为贝尔门的博爱震撼了一次。
欧·亨利的《最后一片叶子》告诉我们什么？
最后一片叶子》欧 亨利的短篇小说 我喜欢小说，因为它有情节，更人性化。
小说中，我首选短篇，因为它适应这个“速食“的社会，简短，精炼，同时寓意深厚。
我很喜欢欧亨利的小说，他的作品大多描写平实的生活，而且重视感情的渗透，让人读了很能产生共鸣。
《最后一片叶子》，一译《最后的长春藤》，他描写患肺炎的穷学生琼西看着窗外对面情上的爬山虎叶子不断被风吹落，他说，最后一片叶子代表她，它的飘落，代表自己的死亡。
贝尔曼，一个伟大的画家，在听完苏讲述完同学琼西的故事后，在最后一片叶子飘落，下着暴雨的夜里，用心灵的画笔画出了一片“永不凋落”的长春藤叶，编造了一个善良且真实的谎言，而自己却从此患上肺炎，一病不起。
如今，最后一片常春藤叶依然留在古老的墙面；
琼西也绽放出了往日的笑容；
伟大的画家贝尔曼永远留在人们的心中。
读完《最后一片叶子》我很感动，为一种平实的感情，希望你也会。
但面对自己的未来，我们不应像琼西那样等待别人来为自己画上“最后一片叶子”，让我们对自己说：“永不放弃，在任何时刻！”。
欧亨利是哪国的
欧亨利是美国的。
欧亨利是一位高产作家，他写下了许多短篇小说，并深受读者们的欢迎，成为脍炙人口的文学作品。
在他诸多的小说中，描写故事中的场景大多可以分为三类，第一类是以美国西部为主，第二类以美国大城市为主，第三类很少，描写的场景有拉丁美洲等。
另外在他的小说之中，有些主角是以美国人为原型的。
从中可以看出，欧亨利小说的场景几乎是发生在美国的。
欧·亨利的小说常常采用全知叙述者，即采用无所不知、无处不在的“上帝视角”对故事世界的一切予以揭示，还会不时地站出来对故事中的人物、场景进行评述。
不过，“即便在一些以全知视角为主导的小说中，故事外叙事者有时也会暂时放弃自己的视角，采用人物视角来揭示人物对某个特定空间的心理感受。
”人物视角就会作为人物的感知而构成故事内容的一部分，从而有效地塑造人物形象、展示人物心理活动，进而揭示作品的主题。
欧亨利简介
原名威廉·西德尼·波特（William Sydney Porter），是美国最著名的短篇小说家之一，曾被评论界誉 为曼哈顿桂冠散文作家和美国现代短篇小说之父。
他出身于美国北卡罗来纳州格林斯波罗镇一个医师家庭。
他的一生富于传奇性，当过药房学徒、牧牛人、会计员、土地局办事员、新闻记者、银行出纳员。
当银行出 纳员时，因银行短缺了一笔现金，为避免审讯，离家流亡中美的洪都拉斯。
后因回家探视病危的妻子被捕入 狱，并在监狱医务室任药剂师。
他在银行工作时，曾有过写作的经历，担任监狱医务室的药剂师后开始认真 写作。
1901 年提前获释后，迁居纽约，专门从事写作。
欧·亨利善于描写美国社会尤其是纽约百姓的生活。
他的作品构思新颖，语言诙谐，结局常常出人意 外；
又因描写了众多的人物，富于生活情趣，被誉为“美国生活的幽默全书”。
代表作有小说集《白菜 与国王》、《四百万》、《命运之路》等。
其中一些名篇如《爱的牺牲》、《警察与赞美诗》、《带家具出 租的房间》、《麦琪的礼物》、《最后一片藤叶》等使他获得了世界声誉。
欧·亨利晚年开始酗酒，身体情况恶化。
1907 年他再次结婚，但和妻子不和欧亨利简介，一年后即离婚。
他的经济情况也不好，为了缓解生活压力欧亨利简介，他不得不以很快速度创作小说来换取稿费，这也导致了他的作品的质量参差不齐。
1910 年欧·亨利因肝硬化去世。
O. Henry (1862-1910) - pseudonym of William Sydney Porter Prolific American short-story writer, a master of surprise endings, who wrote about the life of ordinary people in New York City. Typical for O. Henry'
s stories is a twist of plot which turns on an ironic or coincidental circumstance. Although some critics were not so enthusiastic about his work, the public loved it. O. Henry was born William Sydney Porter in Greenboro, North Carolina. His father, Algernon Sidney Porter, was a physician. When William was three, his mother died, and he was raised by his parental grandmother and paternal aunt. William was an avid reader, but at the age of fifteen he left school, and then worked in a drug store and on a Texas ranch. He continued to Houston, where he had a number of jobs, including that of bank clerk. After moving in 1882 to Texas, he worked on a ranch in LaSalle County for two years. In 1887 he married Athol Estes Roach;
they had one daughter and one son. In 1894 Porter started a humorous weekly The Rolling Stone. It was at this time that he began heavy drinking. When the weekly failed, he joined the Houston Post as a reporter and columnist. In 1894 cash was found to have gone missing from the First National Bank in Austin, where Porter had worked as a bank teller. When he was called back to Austin to stand trial, Porter fled to Honduras to avoid trial. Little is known about Porter'
s stay in Central America. It is said, that he met one Al Jennings, and rambled in South America and Mexico on the proceeds of Jenning'
s robbery. After hearing news that his wife was dying, he returned in 1897 to Austin. In 1897 he was convicted of embezzling money, although there has been much debate over his actual guilt. Porter entered in 1898 a penitentiary at Columbus, Ohio. In 1907 O. Henry married Sara Lindsay Coleman, also born in Green *** oro. The marriage was not happy, and they separated a year later. O. Henry died of cirrhosis of the liver on June 5, 1910, in New York. Three more collections, SIXES AND SEVENS (1911), ROLLING STONES (1912) and WAIFS AND STRAYS (1917), appeared posthumously. In 1918 the O. Henry Memorial Awards were established to be given annually to the best magazine stories, the winners and leading contenders to be published in an annual volume.O. Henry was the pen name of American writer William Sydney Porter (September 11, 1862–June 5, 1910), whose clever use of twist endings in his stories popularized the term "
O. Henry Ending"
. His middle name at birth was Sidney, not Sydney;
he later changed the spelling of his middle name when he first began writing as a journalist in the 1880s. Early life William Sidney Porter was born in 1862 on a plantation "
Worth Place"
in Green *** oro, North Carolina. When William was three, his mother died from tuberculosis, and he and his father moved to the home of his paternal grandmother. William was an avid reader, and graduated from his aunt'
s elementary school in 1876, then enrolled at the Linsey Street High School. In 1879 he started working as a bookkeeper in his uncle'
s drugstore and in 1881 – at the age of nineteen – he was licensed as a pharmacist. The Move to Texas He relocated to Texas in 1882, initially working on a ranch in La Salle County as a sheep herder and ranch hand, then Austin where he took a number of different jobs over the next several years, including pharmacist, draft *** an, journalist, and clerk. While in Texas he also learned Spanish. In 1887 he eloped with Athol Estes, then eighteen years old and from a wealthy family. Her family objected to the match because both she and Porter suffered from tuberculosis. Athol gave birth to a son in 1888, who died shortly after birth, and then a daughter, Margaret, in 1889. In 1894 Porter started a humorous weekly called The Rolling Stone. Also in 1894, Porter resigned from the First National Bank of Austin where he had worked as a teller, after he was accused of embezzling funds. In 1895, after The Rolling Stone ceased publication, he moved to Houston, where he started writing for the Houston Post. Shortly thereafter, he was arrested for embezzlement in connection with his previous employment in Austin. Flight and Return Porter was granted bond, but the day before he was due to stand trial on July 7, 1896, he absconded to New Orleans and later to Honduras. However, in 1897, when he learned that his wife was dying, he returned to the United States and surrendered to the court, pending an appeal. Athol Estes Porter died July 25, 1897. Porter was found guilty of embezzlement, sentenced to five years jail, and imprisoned April 25, 1898 at the Ohio State Penitentiary. He was released on July 24, 1901 for good behaviour after serving three years. Origin of Pen Name Porter published at least twelve stories while in prison to help support his daughter. Not wanting his readers to know he was in jail, he started using the pen name "
O. Henry"
. It is believed that Porter got this name from one of the guards who was named Orrin Henry. However, there is much debate on this issue: one Porter biographer asserts that the name was derived from a girlfriend'
s cat, which answered to "
Oh, Henry!"
Guy Davenport, meanwhile, wrote that the name was a condensation of "
Ohio Penitentiary"
. It also could be an abbreviation of the name of French pharmacist, Etienne-Ossian Henry, who is referred to in the U.S. Dispensatory, a reference work Porter used when he was in the prison pharmacy. Further confusing the issue is that for at least one short story, and for a later autobiographical author profile, Porter signed the "
full"
name Olivier Henry. Porter also used a number of other noms de plume, most notably "
Alex, Longford"
, and continued using a variety of pen names full-time when he took a writing contract for Ainslee'
s Magazine in New York City shortly after his release from prison. Eventually, "
O. Henry"
became the name that was most recognized by magazine editors and the reading public, and therefore led to the greatest fees for story sales. Accordingly, after about 1903 Porter used the "
O. Henry"
byline exclusively. In fact, after his prison term Porter almost never identified himself in print by his real name, even in private correspondence to close friends. To editors, he was simply O. Henry (or occasionally Olivier Henry). When writing to friends, however, he would routinely sign his letters with one of a wide range of deliberately nonsensical pseudonyms, such as "
Horatio Swampwater"
. A Brief Stay At The Top Porter married again in 1907 to his childhood sweetheart, Sarah Lindsey Coleman. However, despite the success of his short stories being published in magazines and collections (or perhaps because of the attendant pressure success brought), Porter became an alcoholic. Sarah left him in 1909, and he died in 1910 of cirrhosis of the liver. After funeral services in New York City, he was buried in Asheville, North Carolina. His daughter, Margaret Worth Porter, died in 1927 and was buried with her father. Attempts were made to secure a presidential pardon for Porter during the administrations of Woodrow Wilson, Dwight Eisenhower and Ronald Reagan. However, each attempt was met with the assertion that the Justice Department did not recommend pardons after death. This policy was clearly altered during the administration of Bill Clinton (who pardoned Henry Flipper), so the question of a pardon for O. Henry may yet again see the light of day. Stories O. Henry stories are famous for their surprise endings. He was called the American Guy De Maupassant. Both authors wrote twist endings, but O. Henry stories were much more playful and optimistic. Most of O.Henry'
s stories are set in his own time, the early years of the 20th century. Many take place in New York City, and deal for the most part with ordinary people: clerks, policemen, waitresses. His stories are also well known for witty narration. The Four Million (a collection of stories) opens with a reference to Ward McAllister'
s "
assertion that there were only '
Four Hundred'
people in New York City who were really worth noticing. But a wiser man has arisen—the census taker—and his larger estimate of human interest has been preferred in marking out the field of these little stories of the '
Four Million'
"
. To O. Henry, everyone in New York counted. He had an obvious affection for the city, which he called Baghdad on the Subway, and many of his stories are set there—but others are set in *** all towns and in other cities. His famous story A Municipal Report opens by quoting Frank Norris: "
Fancy a novel about Chicago or Buffalo, let us say, or Nashville, Tennessee! There are just three big cities in the United States that are '
story cities'
— New York, of course, New Orleans, and, best of the lot, San Francisco."
Thumbing his nose at Norris, O. Henry sets the story in Nashville. Fundamentally a product of his time, O. Henry'
s work provides one of the best English examples of catching the entire flavor of an age. Whether roaming the cattle-lands of Texas, exploring the art of the "
gentle grifter"
, or investigating the tensions of class and wealth in turn of the century New York, O. Henry had an inimitable hand for isolating some element of society and describing it with an incredible economy and grace of language. Some of his best and least-known work resides in the collection "
Cabbages and Kings"
, a series of stories which each explore some individual aspect of life in a paralytically sleepy South American town while each advancing some aspect of the larger plot and relating back one to another in a complex structure which slowly explicates its own background even as it painstakingly erects a town which is one of the most detailed literary creations of the period. Spoiler warning: Plot and/
or ending details follow. O. Henry is so famous for his unexpected plot twists that this warning is especially important. A famous story of his, "
The Gift of the Magi"
, concerns a young couple who are short of money but desperately want to buy each other Christmas gifts. Unbeknownst to Jim, Della sells her most valuable possession, her beautiful hair, in order to buy a platinum fob chain for Jim'
s watch;
unbeknownst to Della, Jim sells his most valuable possession, his watch, to buy jeweled combs for Della'
s hair. The essential premise of this story has been copied, re-worked, parodied, and otherwise re-told countless times in the century since it was written. The Ransom of Red Chief concerns two men who kidnap a boy of ten. The boy turns out to be so bratty and obnoxious that the desperate men ultimately pay the boy'
s father two hundred and fifty dollars to take him back. The Cop and the Anthem concerns a New York City hobo named Soapy, who sets out to get arrested so he can spend the cold winter as a guest of the city jail. Despite efforts at petty theft, vandali *** , disorderly conduct, and "
mashing"
, Soapy fails to draw the attention of the police. Disconsolate, he pauses in front of a church, where an organ anthem inspires him to clean up his life - whereupon he is promptly arrested for loitering. In A Retrieved Reformation, safecracker Jimmy Valntine gets a job in a *** all town bank to case it for a robbery. Unexpectedly, he falls in love with the banker'
s daughter, and decides to go straight. Just as he'
s about to leave to deliver his specialized tools to an old associate, a lawman who recognizes him arrives at the bank, and a child locks herself in the airtight vault. Knowing it will seal his fate, Valentine cracks open the safe to rescue the child - and the lawman lets him go. [edit] Cultural relations O. Henry once said: "
There are stories in everything. I'
ve got some of my best yarns from park benches, lampposts, and newspaper stands."
[citation needed] The O. Henry Awards are yearly prizes given to outstanding short stories. The O. Henry Pun-Off World Championships are held in May of each year in Austin, Texas, hosted by the city'
s O. Henry Museum. O. Henry is a household name in Russia, as his books enjoyed excellent translations and some of his stories were made into popular movies, the best known being, probably, "
The Ransom of Red Chief"
. The phrase "
Bolivar cannot carry double"
from "
The Roads We Take"
has become a Russian proverbs, whose origin many Russians do not even recognize. O. Henry'
s first wife, Athol, was probably the model for Della[1]. In 1952 a film featuring five O. Henry stories was made. The primary one from the critic'
s acclaim was "
The Cop and the Anthem"
starring Charles Laughton and Marilyn Monroe. The other stories are "
The Clarion Call,"
"
The Last Leaf,"
"
The Ransom of Red Chief,"
and "
The Gift of the Magi."
There is an O. Henry Middle School in Austin. 。
